Bullfrog

 

 

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©Gwen Frankton, Bullfrog

Bullfrogs are large, true frogs. They are voracious, opportunistic ambush predators that prey on any small animal they can overpower and stuff down their throats (Wikipedia.) They can do this because of their powerful jaws and rapid tongue strike. They can make allowances for light refraction on the water and strike at just the right spot. Their means of hunting is unique. A bullfrog orients towards the prey and then makes a huge, rapid lunge, eyes closed. It opens its mouth like a slingshot, the mucous covered tongue extends towards it’s prey, often enveloping it while at the same time the wide open jaw is moving forward to bite at the exact moment the tongue is withdrawn. Wow! If the prey doesn’t fit they use their hands to stuff them in.

Males form groups called choruses. Together they make an impressive acoustical display that attracts females. These choruses form and reform and the position near the centre,  and therefore dominance is important. Males fight and posture as the one illustrated is doing, showing his yellow throat. Older males have a more central position and breed through the season.

Females lay up to 20,000 eggs, which form a thin, floating sheet. Eggs hatch in 3-5 days. Young tadpoles live in shallow water, moving to deeper water , as they grow. In the North, where waters are cooler than, say Florida, they make take a  much as three years to reach maturity, where it would happen in a couple of months in warmer water.

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